Introduction to the legalization of cannabis in Germany

With the introduction of the Cannabis Act (CanG), Germany is experiencing a historic moment in its drug policy, setting the course for a new social, legal and economic landscape. This move reflects a significant shift in public opinion and a growing recognition of the need to decriminalize cannabis and provide safe, regulated access. The aim is to curb the black market, strengthen youth protection and protect public health by providing quality-assured products.

Legalization defines clear guidelines for the purchase, sale and consumption of cannabis and creates a legal framework that benefits not only consumers but also society as a whole. By setting strict quality and safety standards, the legislation ensures that consumers have access to safe cannabis products, while strengthening youth protection and preventive measures.

The medical use of cannabis, which was already permitted in Germany before legalization for recreational purposes, will continue to play an important role. Patients who use cannabis for health reasons benefit from improved access and the safety guaranteed by regulated products. The CanG helps to facilitate access to medical cannabis and supports the further development of research in this area.

Legalization also opens up a new market that offers a wide range of economic opportunities for companies and agriculture. A regulated market promotes innovation, creates jobs and opens up new business areas. Platforms such asAboutWeed.coma central role by serving as a marketplace for a wide range of cannabis products and services.AboutWeed.comnot only offers quality-assured CBD products such as flowers, oils and products for animals, but also grow equipment and smoking accessories. In addition, the platform supports the organization and networking of operators and users through its community platform for Cannabis Social Clubs (CSC), which enables and promotes the legal purchase of cannabis.

As I do not currently have direct access to external resources or specific documents, I cannot extract the content of the Cannabis Act (CanG) in detail from the materials provided. Instead, I can offer a general summary based on my most recent training up to April 2023 and keep it in the style of the previous texts to ensure consistency. For precise details on the CanG, it would be advisable to refer directly to the texts of the Act or to highlight specific sections that are particularly relevant.

Overview of the Cannabis Act (CanG)

The Cannabis Act (CanG) represents a milestone in German drug policy by creating a legal framework for the controlled use of cannabis products. The aim of the law is to curb the black market, improve youth protection and promote public health by legalizing and regulating cannabis. The CanG covers various aspects, from the conditions for the legal acquisition and possession of cannabis to cultivation and distribution. Some of the key points of the law are summarized below:

• Legality and access:The Cannabis Act determines who can legally purchase, possess and consume cannabis. This is usually reserved for people who have reached a certain minimum age to ensure that adolescents and young adults are protected from the potential risks of cannabis consumption.
• Ownership limits:To encourage moderate consumption and prevent abuse, the law sets clear limits on the amount of cannabis that people can legally possess.
• Cultivation:The CanG contains guidelines for the private and commercial cultivation of cannabis. While private cultivation is subject to certain restrictions in order not to exceed personal use, stricter regulations and quality standards are set for commercial cultivation.
• Distribution:The sale and distribution of cannabis products is only permitted through licensed outlets that must adhere to strict safety and quality controls. This serves to protect consumers and ensures that only tested products come onto the market.
• Medical use:The law further confirms the legal status of medical cannabis, which can be prescribed by doctors under certain conditions. It aims to improve access for patients and support research in this area.

Historical context and development

The history of cannabis legalization in Germany is characterized by long-standing debates, social changes and a gradual adaptation of legislation. Over the years, attitudes towards cannabis have changed significantly both in the public and in politics, which ultimately led to the adoption of the Cannabis Act (CanG).

Early regulations up to the turn of the millennium:In the early years of the Federal Republic of Germany, the handling of cannabis was predominantly characterized by strict prohibitions. Cannabis was classified as a health hazard along with other drugs, and possession and consumption were prosecuted. This strict attitude reflected the international trend and the UN drug conventions, which advocated the non-use of drugs.

First debates and changes:From the 1990s onwards, debates about cannabis began to intensify. Scientific research and international developments, especially in countries such as the Netherlands, led to a more differentiated view of cannabis. In Germany, the discussion about possible decriminalisation or legalisation gained momentum, driven by arguments about health protection, combating the black market and the need for a more realistic drug policy.

The development towards legalization:In the new millennium, the trend toward more liberal cannabis policies continued. Several federal states experimented with different approaches to decriminalizing small-quantity cannabis possession. These regional experiments helped establish the issue in the political debate and laid the foundation for a nationwide regulation.

The Cannabis Act (CanG):The introduction of the CanG is the result of years of debate, research and social discussion. It reflects a compromise that aims to protect public health, improve youth protection and at the same time enable regulated access to cannabis. This law marks a significant step in German drug policy, taking into account the experiences of other countries and based on scientific evidence.

View in the future:With the adoption of the CanG, Germany is now in a phase of adaptation and observation. The impact of legalization on society, the economy and the health system is being carefully analyzed to inform future policy decisions. Platforms such asAboutWeed.comsupport this transition by providing safe and regulated ways to acquire and consume cannabis products and helping to promote responsible use of cannabis in society.

Goals and expectations of legalization

The legalization of cannabis in Germany has several key goals and brings with it certain expectations, both from the government and the public. This decision was not taken lightly; it is based on extensive studies, debates and looking at the experiences of other countries that have taken similar steps. Here are the main goals and expectations:

Combating the black market:A primary goal of legalization is to reduce the illegal trade in cannabis. By creating legal, regulated distribution channels, the aim is to undermine the power of criminal organizations and ensure the quality and safety of cannabis products. This also helps protect consumers from contaminated products that could be sold on the black market.

Improving youth protection:Through strict age controls and sales in licensed stores, legalization aims to make it more difficult for minors to access cannabis. Education and awareness of the risks of cannabis use, especially in developing adolescents, are also essential components of the new policy.

Promote public health:Another goal is to promote public health through the regulation of cannabis products, ensuring that consumers receive clear information about ingredients and potential risks. In addition, research into the medical use of cannabis should be supported to better understand and exploit potential therapeutic benefits.

Creating economic opportunities:Legalization opens up new economic perspectives by establishing a legal market for cannabis and cannabis-related products. This includes not only the cultivation and distribution of cannabis itself, but also the development of accompanying products and services. Companies such asAboutWeed.com, which offer a wide range of CBD products, growing equipment and smoking accessories, are examples of the economic opportunities created by legalization.

Social destigmatization:A long-term goal of legalization is to destigmatize cannabis and its users. By treating cannabis as part of a regulated and controlled substance policy, the aim is to reduce prejudice and promote a more open dialogue about the use and consumption of cannabis.

Expectations for legalization are high, and careful monitoring and impact assessment will be necessary to ensure that the goals set are achieved. As the legal cannabis market develops, ongoing adjustment of policy and practice will be important to ensure consumer protection, promote public health, and support responsible use of cannabis in society.

All facts at a glance

• Date of approval:The Cannabis Act (CanG) was approved by the Federal Council on March 22, 2024.
• Come into effect:Large parts of the law will come into force on April 1, 2024; the regulations for collective home cultivation in cultivation associations (Cannabis Social Clubs) will follow on July 1, 2024.
• Statement in the minutes:A political declaration of intent to amend some parts of the law before July 1, 2024, but without legal binding force.
• Amnesty regulation:Contained in Section 313 of the EGStGB, it provides for the suspension of sentences for cannabis offences that have not been fully executed. This affects around 100,000 cases.
• Voting result in the Federal Council:Despite resistance and a heated debate, there was no majority in favor of convening the mediation committee. Several federal states abstained from voting, which made it possible to pass a resolution.
• Innovations from April 1, 2024:
• Growers’ associations from 1 July 2024:
• Objectives of legalization:

Signature by the Federal President:Required for the CanG to come into force on 1 April, Easter Monday 2024.

Legal framework

With the legalization of cannabis in Germany, a legal framework was created that regulates access to, consumption of and cultivation of cannabis. These regulations aim to promote responsible use of cannabis, reduce the black market and at the same time ensure the protection of public health and safety. Here is an overview of the most important aspects of the legal regulations:

Legality and access:

• Cannabis is legal for adults aged 18 and over. This includes both private consumption and the cultivation of cannabis for personal purposes.

Ownership limits:

• There are possession limits for personal use. Adults are allowed to possess up to 25 grams of cannabis for personal use. This limit is intended to encourage moderate consumption and prevent abuse.

Cultivation of cannabis:

• Private cultivation of cannabis for personal use is permitted, with up to three plants per person. This offers cannabis consumers an alternative source of supply and helps control the black market.
• In addition, the law allows the formation of non-commercial cultivation associations, so-called Cannabis Social Clubs (CSCs), which allow communal cultivation under strict conditions.

Sales and distribution:

• The commercial sale of cannabis is only permitted through licensed outlets to ensure that consumers have access to quality-tested products. This regulation also helps combat the black market.

Medical cannabis:

• Access to medical cannabis remains strictly regulated and is reserved for patients who can present a doctor's prescription. Medical cannabis is primarily dispensed in pharmacies and is used to treat specific medical conditions.

Consumption restrictions:

• The law defines areas where the consumption of cannabis is prohibited in order to ensure the protection of minors and maintain public order. These include schools, daycare centers and public playgrounds.

Prevention and education:

• An essential part of the legal framework is to strengthen prevention measures and educate the public about the risks of cannabis use. The aim is to protect young people in particular from the potential negative effects of cannabis.

This legal framework forms the basis for the regulated use of cannabis in Germany. It reflects the aim of meeting the social and individual challenges of cannabis consumption through controlled access and consumption regulations, without ignoring the potential benefits for consumers and patients.

Who is allowed to purchase and consume cannabis legally?

The Cannabis Act (CanG) in Germany sets out specific conditions under which the purchase and consumption of cannabis is legal. These regulations are intended to promote responsible use of cannabis while ensuring the protection of minors. Here are the main criteria:

Age restriction:

• The purchase and consumption of cannabis is only permitted to persons who are 18 years of age or older. This age limit is considered a fundamental requirement to ensure that adolescents and young adults in particular are protected from the potential risks of cannabis consumption.

Ownership limits:

• People over the age of 18 are allowed to legally possess cannabis up to a certain amount. The maximum permitted amounts are limited to up to 25 grams in public spaces and up to 50 grams for private use. These possession limits are intended to encourage moderate consumption and prevent the abuse of cannabis.

Ways of earning money:

• Cannabis can only be legally acquired through certain channels regulated by the state. These include medical cannabis from pharmacies with an appropriate prescription and cultivation in private homes or within registered Cannabis Social Clubs (CSCs) for personal use. Direct purchase and sale outside of these frameworks remain illegal.

Regulations for medical cannabis:

• Patients who require cannabis for medical reasons can purchase it from pharmacies on the basis of a doctor's prescription. The medical use of cannabis is subject to strict regulations and requires an accurate diagnosis and specialist medical care.

Consumption restrictions:

• The consumption of cannabis in public is restricted. In particular, consumption is prohibited near schools, daycare centers and playgrounds, as well as in certain public areas such as pedestrian zones before 8 p.m. These regulations are intended to ensure the protection of the general public and especially of children and young people.

Responsibility and education:

• People who purchase and consume cannabis are encouraged to do so responsibly and to inform themselves about the effects and risks of cannabis. The government promotes prevention programs and educational campaigns to raise awareness of responsible cannabis use.

The legal framework for the acquisition and consumption of cannabis in Germany aims to enable safe, controlled and responsible access to cannabis, while at the same time ensuring the protection of young people and public safety.

Regulations on possession of cannabis

The Cannabis Act (CanG) in Germany sets clear limits on the legal possession of cannabis in order to promote responsible use and prevent abuse. The main regulations on the possession of cannabis are summarized here:

Personal ownership limits:

• Adults over 18 years of age are allowed to carry up to 25 grams of cannabis in public spaces. In private areas, such as your own home, there is an increased limit of up to 50 grams of cannabis.
• These quantity restrictions are intended to encourage moderate, personal use and prevent larger quantities from being used for illegal resale.

Growing at home:

• The law allows the cultivation of up to three cannabis plants per person for personal use. This allows individuals to cultivate cannabis for personal use, while strictly adhering to the plant number limit.
• Growing at home should be done under safe conditions to avoid risks such as mold growth or unauthorized access, especially by minors.

Cannabis Social Clubs (CSCs):

• Members of registered CSCs are allowed to grow cannabis communally, with the amount produced limited to the members' personal use. CSCs are subject to strict regulations to ensure that cultivation and consumption remain within legal limits.
• Membership in CSCs is limited to one organization to ensure controlled cultivation and consumption.

Restrictions and penalties for exceeding the limit:

• Possession of cannabis beyond the established limits may result in legal consequences, including fines or criminal proceedings. These measures are intended to prevent the illegal trade in cannabis and ensure public safety.
• Criminal prosecution may be initiated in particular if there is suspicion that cannabis is intended for illegal resale.

Protection of minors:

• Possession of cannabis by minors remains illegal. The law aims to protect young people from the potential risks of cannabis consumption. Schools, kindergartens and playgrounds are considered vulnerable areas, and the possession and consumption of cannabis is particularly strictly enforced in their vicinity.

Responsible use:

• People who legally possess cannabis are encouraged to do so responsibly and to educate themselves about the effects and risks of cannabis. Government prevention programs and information campaigns support this goal.

These regulations reflect the aim of legalizing cannabis to curb the black market, strengthen youth protection and promote responsible use of cannabis. They form an important part of the efforts to control the social and health effects of cannabis in Germany.

Cultivation of cannabis: private and commercial guidelines

The Cannabis Act (CanG) in Germany sets out clear guidelines for the cultivation of cannabis for both private purposes and commercial operations. These regulations aim to ensure the quality and safety of cannabis products, strengthen youth protection and curb illegal trade. Here is an overview of the main requirements:

Private cultivation:

• Allowed quantity:Private individuals are allowed to grow up to three cannabis plants for their own use. This regulation is intended to cover personal consumption without encouraging illegal sales.
• Access and security:Cultivation must be carried out in such a way that access is denied to unauthorised persons, especially minors. Appropriate measures must be taken to protect the plants from theft and to ensure that cultivation does not pose any health risks (e.g. due to the formation of mould).
• No resale:Cultivation for personal use means that the harvested cannabis products may not be sold or otherwise used commercially.

Cultivation in Cannabis Social Clubs (CSCs):

• Membership and participation:CSCs enable the communal cultivation of cannabis for their members. Each member must be actively involved in the cultivation; passive memberships that only aim to purchase cannabis are not permitted.
• Registration and monitoring:CSCs must be officially registered and subject to government supervision. This is intended to ensure transparency and ensure that cultivation takes place within legal limits.
• Production limits:The quantity produced must be limited to the members' own needs. The exact quantities and regulations can be determined by the competent authorities.

Commercial cultivation:

• Licensing:The commercial cultivation of cannabis is strictly regulated and only permitted with a valid license. These licenses are issued by government agencies and are subject to strict conditions.
• Quality and safety standards:Commercial growers must meet high standards of quality and safety. This includes regular inspections, compliance with hygiene regulations and protection from contamination.
• Tax and legal obligations:Commercial growers are subject to taxation and must be transparent about their business practices. They are also required to sell their products only through licensed distribution channels.

Driving under the influence of cannabis

With the legalization of cannabis through the Cannabis Act (CanG), which comes into force on April 1, questions arise regarding the impact on drivers and specifically on the issue of driving under the influence of cannabis. Here are the key points that drivers need to consider in this context:

Strict THC limit for penalties:

• The draft law stipulates that driving after consuming cannabis is regulated by Section 24a of the Road Traffic Act, with cannabis explicitly mentioned in the appendix to this law. Driving a vehicle with a value of 1.0 nanograms of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) per milliliter of blood serum is considered an administrative offence. This limit is critical, as even occasional cannabis consumption (maximum once a week) can lead to this limit being exceeded.

Medical-psychological examination (MPU):

• Exceeding the THC limit not only results in direct penalties, but can also lead to an MPU being ordered. The authorities can order an MPU to check whether a person is considered permanently unfit to drive a vehicle. This also applies if the cannabis consumption took place outside of road traffic.

Comparison to alcohol:

• In comparison to alcohol, where certain blood alcohol limits are permitted as long as there are no signs of impairment, there is a clear limit for THC, exceeding which automatically results in legal consequences. The Federal Ministry of Transport is currently examining whether and how clear limits for cannabis can be set in the Road Traffic Act, analogous to alcohol.

Consequences for your driving license:

• If you violate the THC limits for the first time, you face a fine of 500 euros, two points on your license and a one-month driving ban. If you violate them again, the penalties increase.

Slow degradation of THC:

• THC breaks down very slowly in the body, which means that cannabis users can be above the legal limit long after their last use. This poses a particular challenge for regular users, who must prove that they no longer have THC in their blood in order to pass the MPU.

Recommendations for drivers:

• Due to the slow breakdown of THC in the body and the strict legal limits, it is recommended not to drive after consuming cannabis. This minimizes the risk of legal consequences and contributes to the safety of all road users.

The introduction of the CanG brings with it a significant change, but the message for drivers remains clear: driving a vehicle under the influence of cannabis remains a legal offense and poses a safety risk.

Cannabis as an economic factor

The legalization of cannabis has not only made social and cultural waves, but has also established itself as a significant economic driver. From creating new jobs and generating tax revenue to boosting agriculture and spurring startups in the technology and healthcare sectors, the cannabis industry is increasingly contributing to growth and innovation. This section highlights the multiple economic dimensions of cannabis, examines its role in the global economy, and discusses the opportunities and challenges presented by the commercialization of this ancient plant. Learn how cannabis is changing the economic landscape and the potential it holds for entrepreneurs, investors, and communities around the world.

The cannabis industry in Germany

The cannabis industry in Germany is facing dynamic development, especially since the legalization of medical cannabis in 2017 and the subsequent legalization of cannabis for recreational purposes. This industry includes not only the cultivation and processing of cannabis, but also research, distribution, and a variety of services that are grouped around the cannabis market. Here are some key aspects that shape the cannabis industry in Germany:

Market development and growth potential:

• With legalization, new markets are opening up for cannabis products that can be used for both medicinal and recreational purposes. Market growth is driven by increasing demand for these products, with diversification of product offerings (such as oils, edibles, cosmetics) providing additional growth opportunities.

Regulatory framework:

• A strictly regulated market ensures the quality and safety of cannabis products. This includes guidelines for the cultivation, processing, distribution and sale of cannabis. Compliance with these regulations is essential for companies operating in this industry.

Investments and financing:

• The cannabis industry attracts both domestic and international investment. Startups and established companies in the sector are benefiting from the growing acceptance and interest in cannabis products, resulting in a dynamic investment landscape.

Research and Development:

• Germany has established itself as a leading location for research and development in the field of medical cannabis. Universities, research institutions and companies are investing in studies on the effectiveness and safety of cannabis in order to develop new medical applications and products.

Employment opportunities:

• The cannabis industry creates a wide range of jobs, from agriculture to research to retail. This development not only supports the economy but also offers new career prospects.

Export opportunities:

• Germany is increasingly positioning itself as an exporter of medical cannabis and cannabis products. Thanks to high quality standards and strict regulatory frameworks, German cannabis products enjoy a high reputation on international markets.

Challenges and opportunities:

• Despite the enormous potential, companies in the cannabis industry face challenges such as changing regulatory requirements, market volatility, and the need for continuous research and innovation. At the same time, there are ample opportunities to shape the market and be at the forefront of this emerging industry.

The cannabis industry in Germany is on an exciting growth trajectory that has both economic and social impacts. However, the industry is only at the beginning of its development and will continue to operate in a complex regulatory, economic and social environment.

Opportunities for local businesses and agriculture

The legalization of cannabis in Germany opens up new opportunities for local businesses and agriculture. This development can strengthen economic diversity, help create jobs and generate new sources of income. Here are some key aspects that highlight the opportunities for local businesses and agriculture in the context of the cannabis industry:

Cultivation of cannabis:

• The ability to grow cannabis legally provides farmers with a new source of income. Growing cannabis allows farms to diversify and open up new markets. Demand for high-quality, locally grown cannabis, both for medicinal and recreational purposes, can revitalize rural areas.

Innovation in agriculture:

• Cannabis cultivation requires specific know-how and technological solutions, especially with regard to optimizing cultivation conditions, controlling active ingredient levels and making efficient use of resources. This encourages innovation in agricultural technology and agronomic science.

Value chains:

• Local companies can benefit from the entire cannabis value chain. This includes not only cultivation, but also the processing, refining and packaging of cannabis products. Opportunities also open up in areas such as logistics, marketing and sales.

Specialization and niche markets:

• The diversity of cannabis products allows local companies to specialize in specific niches, such as the production of CBD oils, cosmetic products or foods with cannabis in them. This specialization can lead to the development of unique brands and products that establish themselves in both national and international markets.

Tourism and adventure offers:

• The legal cannabis market can also stimulate the tourism sector. Local companies have the opportunity to create experiences around cannabis, such as tours of cannabis plantations, workshops on the production of cannabis products or culinary events.

Education and advice:

• With the legalization of cannabis comes a need for expertise and advice. Local businesses and educational institutions can provide training and consulting services that focus on cannabis cultivation, legal aspects, medicinal uses of cannabis and entrepreneurial opportunities.

Sustainability and organic farming:

• The trend towards sustainability and organic products offers local farmers and companies the opportunity to differentiate themselves through organic cannabis cultivation. Sustainably produced cannabis products can appeal to a growing target group that values ​​environmentally friendly and socially responsible products.

The cannabis industry therefore offers a wide range of opportunities for local companies and agriculture to develop economically and participate in shaping a new, dynamic market. However, taking advantage of these opportunities also requires an understanding of the regulatory framework and a willingness to invest in quality, innovation and sustainable practices.

Tax aspects and economic forecasts

The legalization of cannabis in Germany not only brings new business opportunities and challenges, but also significant tax aspects and economic forecasts. The introduction of cannabis into the regulated market has the potential to generate significant tax revenues and have a positive impact on the economy.

Tax aspects:

• Excise duties:The introduction of specific consumption taxes on cannabis products can represent an important source of revenue for the state. These taxes can be designed in a similar way to tobacco or alcohol taxes and help finance public services.
• VAT:The sale of cannabis products is subject to VAT, which means additional revenue for the state. Regular taxation of cannabis products ensures that they are treated like other commercial products.
• Corporate taxes:Companies operating in the cannabis industry contribute to tax revenue through corporate taxes, and as the sector grows, these tax revenues may increase.

Economic forecasts:

• Market growth:Experts predict strong growth for the cannabis market in Germany. The demand for medical cannabis is already established, and the legalization of cannabis for recreational purposes is likely to increase demand further. This growth is expected to lead to an expansion of production capacities and the creation of new companies.
• Labour market:The cannabis industry has the potential to create a wide range of new jobs – from production to processing and distribution to research and development. These employment effects can have a positive economic impact, especially in rural areas where cannabis is grown.
• Promoting innovation:The legalization of cannabis opens up opportunities for innovation in cultivation, product development and marketing. This could make Germany a leading location in the cannabis research and industry and attract international investment.
• International trade relations:Germany has the opportunity to play a leading role in the international market for medical cannabis. The export opportunities for high-quality medical cannabis produced in Germany can help strengthen the trade balance.

The tax and economic aspects of cannabis legalization are complex and require careful planning and regulation to ensure the potential benefits can be realized, while also addressing challenges such as preventing abuse and ensuring public safety. Overall, however, bringing cannabis into the regulated market presents significant opportunities for economic growth, innovation and government revenue.